What condition may develop from a deficiency of calcium in the diet?

A deficiency of calcium in the diet can lead to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. Calcium is essential for maintaining bone density and strength throughout life. When calcium intake is insufficient, the body may start to extract calcium from the bones to maintain necessary levels in the bloodstream, ultimately leading to decreased bone mass and increases the risk of fractures.

Osteoporosis is particularly common in older adults and postmenopausal women due to hormonal changes that affect calcium absorption and bone health. While other conditions listed, like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, have various dietary and lifestyle influences, they are not directly caused by inadequate calcium intake. In contrast, osteoporosis is closely linked to calcium deficiency, demonstrating the importance of adequate calcium in the diet for maintaining bone health.